Acute Stress Responses For Healthy Individuals May Be...

Acute stress responses in young, healthy individuals may be adaptive and typically do not impose a health burden. The relationship between psychosocial stressors and disease is affected by the nature, number, and persistence of the stressors as well as by the individual s biological vulnerability (i.e., genetics, constitutional factors), psychosocial resources, and learned patterns of coping. Keywords: psychosocial stressors, stress responses, homeostasis, psychosocial interventions, host vulnerability-stressor interactions The actual or perceived threat to an organism is referred to as the stressor and the response to the stressor is called the stress response. Although stress responses evolved as adaptive processes, Selye observed that severe, prolonged stress responses might lead to tissue damage and disease. In contrast, during aversive situations in which an active coping response is not available, mammals may engage in a vigilance response that involves sympathetic nervous system (SNS) arousal accompanied by an active inhibition of movement and shunting of blood away from the periphery (Adams et al. Although various situations tend to elicit different patterns of stress responses, there are also individual differences in stress responses to the same situation. This tendency to exhibit a particular pattern of stress responses across a variety of stressors is referred to as response stereotypy (Lacey Lacey 1958). Across a variety of situations, someShow MoreRelatedThe Social Impact of Drug Abuse24406 Words   |  98 Pagesimpact of drug abuse II. Social implications of drug abuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 A. B. C. D. E. Family and community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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